Men with low-risk prostate cancer that hasn't spread should not have hormone therapy.

Reason: Hormone therapy lowers levels of testosterone that feed prostate cancer—but it also can quickly raise risk of heart disease and diabetes. For younger men who have been treated for tumors confined to the prostate or nearby lymph nodes and who have no signs of the disease other than a rise in prostate-specific antigen (PSA), hormone therapy may be riskier than monitoring the cancer. Hormone therapy remains the treatment of choice if the cancer has spread to the bone.

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